Renovimo
A gardener raking mulch along a row of young trees

Mulch calculator

Mulch calculator

How much mulch a bed takes depends on how deep it should end up and how much is still there from last year. Enter the bed and the layer that is staying, and get the yards, the bags or the bales — only for the depth you are actually missing.

Enter your bed

Bed

Pick the shape closest to the bed. For several beds, work each one out in turn.

Mulch

Optional

What will it cost?

Every material the calculator worked out gets its own price. Each field starts at a typical US figure so you have something to work from — change any of them to what your own supplier charges.

These prices are approximate. They are national US retail figures, and what you actually pay varies with your region, your supplier, the season and how much you buy at once. Treat them as a starting point, not a quote — always price the job from your own supplier's current figures before you order.

Your prices

Close-up of brown bark mulch

Based on your result

What you'll need

Weed the bed and water it before the mulch goes down — mulch keeps moisture in, including the moisture that was never there.

Mulch
Bags, bales or a bulk load for the depth you are adding
Calculate above
Landscape fabric
Optional, under new beds only — never over the roots of existing plants
—
Edging
Keeps mulch out of the lawn and off the path
—
Garden rake
Spreads the layer level and pulls it back from stems
1
Wheelbarrow
Anything past a few bags, or a bulk delivery
1

Worked example

How much mulch do I need?

Take the bed the calculator opens with: 10 by 5 feet, so 50 square feet, to be covered 3 inches deep. Three inches is a quarter of a foot, so the bed takes 50 × 0.25 = 12.5 cubic feet — 0.46 of a cubic yard, or seven 2 cu ft bags before any waste.

Now say an inch of last year's mulch is still there. The bed needs 2 inches, not 3: 50 × 2 ÷ 12 = 8.3 cubic feet, which is five bags instead of seven. That gap — ordering the full depth over a layer that is staying — is the most common way to overbuy mulch, and it is why the calculator asks.

Coverage by depth, bags per yard and what a bag weighs are set out in mulch coverage and weight.

Mulch calculator for Home Depot and Lowe's bag sizes

Bagged mulch is sold by volume, and the volume printed on the bag is what decides how many you need. These are the sizes that sit on the shelf at the big-box stores, with the number of bags that fills one cubic yard.

Bagged mulchBag volumeBags per cubic yardCovers at 3 in
Bark or hardwood mulch, standard bag 2 cu ft 14 bags 8 sq ft
Bark or hardwood mulch, large bag 3 cu ft 9 bags 12 sq ft
Rubber mulch 0.8 cu ft 34 bags 3.2 sq ft

Set the bag size in the calculator to match the product you are buying and the bag count updates with it. Past about three cubic yards — some 40 standard bags — the calculator switches to a bulk load, because that is where delivery usually becomes the cheaper way to buy it.

The maths

How this mulch calculator works

The bed is measured by its shape. The depth ordered is the finished depth less the layer already there, never less than nothing. Area times that depth is the volume; the waste allowance covers what spills and what the rake pushes past the edge.

area = length × width, π × r² or ½ × base × height
depth to add = finished − existing, min 0
cu ft = area × depth in ÷ 12 × waste
cu yd = cu ft ÷ 27
bags = ⌈ cu ft ÷ bag size ⌉
pine straw bales = ⌈ area ÷ 40 × depth ÷ 3 ⌉
  1. 01

    Measure the bed

    Length and width for a rectangle, diameter for a tree ring, base and height for a corner bed. For several beds, work each one out and add the bags.

  2. 02

    Subtract what is staying

    Mulch breaks down and thins, so beds are topped up rather than redone. Only the missing depth is ordered.

  3. 03

    Convert to bags or yards

    Bags are rounded up to whole bags. Over three cubic yards the answer is given as a bulk load.

  4. 04

    Pine straw is counted in bales

    It is sold by the bale and spread by coverage — about 40 square feet a bale at 3 inches.

Good to know

Mulch questions, answered

A cubic yard is 27 cubic feet, so it takes 13½ standard 2 cu ft bags or 9 large 3 cu ft bags. Rubber mulch comes in smaller 0.8 cu ft bags, about 34 to the yard.

About 2 to 3 inches in planting beds and 3 to 4 inches on paths. Deeper than that starves roots of air. Rubber mulch under play equipment goes much deeper — around 6 inches — because there it is a safety surface, not a garden layer.

Usually not. Rake it loose, pull it back from stems and trunks, and top it up to the depth you want. Remove it only if it has matted into a crust water cannot get through, or if the bed is already too deep.

A dry 2 cu ft bag of bark mulch weighs about 25 lb and shredded hardwood about 30 lb. A bag left out in the rain can weigh far more — wet mulch is heavy.

Work out the area under and around the equipment and set the depth to about 6 inches. At that depth one 0.8 cu ft bag covers only 1.6 square feet, so playgrounds take a lot of bags.

Keep estimating